What Causes a Tire Pressure Sensor to Fail?

Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are critical for vehicle safety and performance. These sensors continuously monitor the air pressure inside your tires and alert you if there’s a drop in pressure. However, tire pressure sensors can sometimes fail. So, what causes a tire pressure sensor to malfunction? Here are the most common reasons:

 

1. Battery Depletion

Tire pressure sensors typically operate on built-in batteries with a lifespan of 5-10 years. When the battery runs out, the sensor stops functioning, causing the warning light to come on. In most cases, the entire sensor must be replaced as the batteries are not replaceable.

 

2. Sensor Damage

Tire pressure sensors can be easily damaged during tire changes or rotations. If not handled carefully when removing or installing tires, the sensors can suffer physical damage. Additionally, hard impacts or collisions can also harm the sensors.

 

3. Corrosion

Since tire pressure sensors are constantly exposed to the elements, they are prone to corrosion over time. This risk is particularly high if the sensors come into contact with saltwater or chemicals. Corrosion can affect the sensor’s electrical connections, preventing it from transmitting accurate data and leading to sensor failure.

 

4. Incorrect Calibration

In some cases, tire pressure sensors may be improperly calibrated. This can result in inaccurate pressure readings and cause the warning light to illuminate. Incorrect calibration often occurs after a tire change, requiring the sensors to be recalibrated.

 

5. RFI (Radio Frequency Interference)

Tire pressure sensors use radio frequencies (RF) to transmit data to the vehicle's control unit. However, external radio frequency interference can sometimes disrupt the sensors' signals, leading to temporary malfunctions.

A tire pressure sensor can fail for various reasons, potentially affecting the safety of your vehicle. Depending on the cause, the sensors may need to be replaced, recalibrated, or interference sources eliminated. To prevent tire pressure sensor failures, it’s important to regularly check the sensors and handle them carefully during tire changes. This will ensure safe driving and help avoid costly repairs.